Hydraulic transmission



l 1932. J. WENTWORTH 4,568

I HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION Filed Feb. 17, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet l IN VEN TOR. (ii SS .5 n s/vrn oerfi ATTORNEY.

June 28, 1932.

J. 5. WENTWQRTH HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION Filed Feb. 17.

1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. Js 5. Wk/vrwoerH ATTORNEY.

- June 28, 1932. J. s. WENTWORTH HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION Filed Feb. 17, 1951 s Sheets-Sheet 3.

JESS ifixvrrggi ATTORNEY.

June 28, 1932. 7 J. s. WENTWORTH HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION Filed Feb. 17, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 I d&

, kAAAs EEHEWmM IN VENTOR.

E g l g I I 1 I i l 1 ,2 i l i i I 2 1 i 25 Jsgi 5. MNTWOBTH ATTORNEY.

June 28, 1932. s WE'NTWORTH 1,864,568

HYDRAULIC TRANSMI S S IO N Filed Feb. 17, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 g 52 INVENTOR.

ATTO

(/1 E 5. WEN-M027 Patented June 28, 1932.

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RIBS, 6F HAMILTON, OHIO, A IFARTNERS AND JESSE s. wnn-rwon'rn P ATE-NT E. WEuTWORTH, or NORWOOD, oHIo, essreNoa-ros-w HYDRAULIC: nanomro HEP CONSISTING OEALEXANDER r. srnI-nn i l HYDRAULIC, Tim'nsms mn 7 Application filed February 17,1931. Serial N ..5.1.6,3e4.

This invention relates to'improven ents in hydraulictransmissions and the principal ob jects are to provide a hydraulic transmission which is simple in its construction and operation', efficient, compact and low in its constructional cost.

Anotherobject of this invention is the provision of a hydraulic transmission-having a clutch equivalent in its operation since the variable speeds developed are universal from a nil motion of the driven up to the full speed of the driver.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and such other objects as m'ayhereinafter appear, this invention consists in the production of a universal variable speed hydraulic transmission and clutch, in combination, adaptable wherever clutch control and variable speeds are required, reference being had to the accompanying drawings formin part hereof and shown merely for the purpose of illustrative disclosure, it being understood that various changes and modifications may be:made in. practice without departing from the scope orspirit of my invention as defined by'the claims. r

In the drawings Fig. 1 is. a side elevational view of a variable speed hydraulic transmission and clutch embodying the principles of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an endview of Fig. 1 looking'in the direction of arrow A of said Fig. l with the front cover associated partsremoved and the port plates partially broken away to clear ly illustrate. the invention;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig; 2 port plates-entirely removed;

Fig. dis a vertical section taken on a plane corresponding to line 44 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a cross section on the line 5 5 of Fig. l, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows;

with the hub and a portion of themovable port plate to illustrate the port plate actuating stud slots; 1'

Fig 8 an isometric detail view of one of the bellows plate connecting links;

' Fig.9 is a-detail view-of the movable port plate;

F-ig. plate;

Fig. 11 is an isometric detail View of: the eccentric-ally actuated ring;

10 is a detail view of thefixed port Fig. 121s an'isometric detail view of the V combined hollow shaft and eccentric Fig. 13' is. an isometric detail view of one of the bellows plate bearings; and

' Fig. 'ltis aside elevationalview similar to F 1 but. shown ona reduced scale, parts. being broken away and parts shown in section to illustrate a modified shaft construction.

In theembodiment of my invention as illust'rated and. whichfshows a preferred con-' struction I provide auniversal variablespeed hydraulic transmission and clutch comprising an outer rim I provided on its inner pe riphery with bellowsplate bearings 2gequally spaced apart, as shown in Fig. 3, andsecured to the rear cover 3 by bolts. 4,. as shown in Figs. 2 andv 3. Each of these hearings 2 (a detail of one being shown in Fig. 13) is.

provided with an elongated socket to re.-

ceivet'he tubular end-'6' of a. bellows. plate 7,

one of the bellowspl'ates. being shown'in Fig.

7. Eachbellows plate 7' is further provided with oppositely disposed walls 88', which walls are provided with alined holes 9+9 to. receive a pin 10 (Fig. This pin lp also passes through hole 11 in. one end" of connecting linkfI2. Hole 13 in the other end of connecting link 12 receives the pin 14 (Fig. 4) the ends of which pin are re'ceived by one pair of the oppositely disposedholes 1.5 15 in the eccentrically actuated ring 16. This ring 16 is provided with a central bore 17 (Fig. 11) of a size suitable for snugly re; c'eiving'the outer periphery 18 (Fig. 12'): of the eccentric portion 19 of hollow shaft 20. Fig. 6' is a'fragmentary view showing the; hub and aportion of the front cover and the a In the presentshowing and as clearly i1.- lustr'ated in Fig 2, ther.e"are five of the belr lows plates 7, five. off the bellows plate bearings 2 and but four pivotally mounted con- ,nectinglinks 12-.Thejremain-ingfor fifth,

Fig. 7 is an isometric-detail View of one oi? the bellows plates; f i

bellows plate 7 is pivotally'connected to arm 21,which arm is an integral part of the eccentrically actuated ring 16, as clearly shown in Fig.3 and in detail in Fig. 11. The edge portions 8a of the walls 8 of the bellows plates 7 are curved, as shown in Fig. 7, and are adapted to havearubbing contact with the edges 16a of 'eccentrically actuated ring 16,

. as clearly shown in Fig. 2, for purposes to naled within the socket 41 in rear cover 3.-

, sleeve and the front cover 26 by bolts 54, as

clearly shown in. Fig.1 4.. ,This inner port plate 22 is provided with a central bore 27 and with concentrically arranged circular openings 28 and concentrically arranged oblongports 29. Theouter port plate 23 is provided with an integrally formed hub 30 which is provided with a central bore 31, the di-' ameter of which is thesaineasthe central bore 27 of inner port plate 22 The outer port plate 23 is also provided With concentrically arranged circular openings 32 and concentrically arranged oblong ports 33. and with grooved recesses .34, the latter to receivethe balls 35, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, respective s 1y; Stop pins 36 are mounted in the ends of each grooved recess 34 to limit the movement of-the balls 35 within said recesses. The interior face of the front cover 26 is provided with. grooved recesses 37 similar to the recesses 34 in the outer port plate 23'so that the balls 35, located between the outer portplate 23 and the front cover 26ride in said recesses 34 and 37, respectively, to reduce to a minimum thefriction in moving said outer port plate 23, as will be presently described, The

front' cover 26 is further provided with a filler plug 38 and an airvent plug, 39, as

shown in Fig. 4 and with a hub 40 which is bored out to receive the hub 30 of outer port plate 23, the central bore 31 of the latter receiving the hollow shaft 20 of eccentric portion19. "End 20a of hollow shaft 20 if jour- In" Fig. 4, 42 represents a shaft which is s'plinedwithin the hollow shaft 20 and is adapted to be movable shaft 20. I

Hub 40 of front cover 26 is provided with an elongated slot 43, as shown in Fig.- 6, and hub 30, of outerport plate 23, is provided with an angular slot 44, the said slots 43' and 44 coinbinedly receiving the inner. end of endwise within said actuating pin 45, whichpin is carried by the sliding'collar 46, as clearly showninFig. 4. This [collar 46 isprovided with an annular groove 47 which receives the nibs .48 carried by the forked en'd49 of shifting lever50, said lever being pivoted'to suitable bracket 51,

as shown in Fig. 1.

In assembling the transmission shown in in the following manner:

Fig. 4, and starting with the outer rim 1, the rear cover 3 is securely fixed to said rim 1 by bolts 52; then the bellows plate bearings 2 are rigidly attached to said rear cover 3 by the bolts 4, as indicated inFig. 3. Then the shaft 42 is passed through the bore 53 in rear cover 3, whereupon the hollow shaft 20 is inserted upon the shaft 42 and moved end wise on said shaft until the'end 20aof-hollow shaft 20 rests'withinthe socket 41 in the rear cover 3,as indicated in Fig. 4.

The next step is to pivotally connect'one end of each connecting link 12 to the eccentrically actuated ring 16 by the pins 14, the other end of said links being pivotally attached between the walls-8 :8 of the bellows plates 7 by the pins-10. The eccentrically actuated ring 16, having the connecting links against the shoulder 24 of the outer rim 1,

as shown in Fig.4. Then the outer port plate 23 is inserted over the hollow shaft 20 and the sleeve 25 inserted over the outer periphcry of said outer port plate 23 and coming to rest against the inner port plate 22. The inner port plate 22 is arranged in such a manner that the ports 29 are spaced between the bellows plate bearings 2, as shown in .Fig. 2

and directly opposite the compression chambers B, which chambers are formed by the outer rim 1, rear cover 3, bellows plates 7 and inner port plate 22, respectively. Then the balls 35 are placed within the grooved recesses 34 of outer port plate 23 and the front cover 26 inserted over the hub 30 of outer port plate 23 so that the grooved recesses 37 receive the balls 35, whereupon said front cover 26 is securely fixed tothe outer rim 1 by bolts 54.. The sliding collar 46 is then passed upon the hub 40 of front cover 26 and the actuating pin screwed therein, as shown, so that its inner end simultaneously engages the elongated slot 43. and the angular slot 44 of the hubs 40 and 30, respectively. The transmission is thenturned so that the rear cover 3 is in a horizontal position and the filler plug 38 and the air-vent plug 39 are removed therefrom. The interior or all available space within the unit is then filled with a liquid, preferably an oily liquid, and the filler plug 38 and the air-vent plug 39 re placed within the front cover 26, as shown in Fig. 4. i

In operatlon the transmission functions Assuming that shaft 42 is to be the driven member and that outer rim 1 is the driving member, said shaft 42 vwill be at rest when the outer rim 1 is revolving, provided that the ports 29 and 33 of the port plates 22 and 23 are fully openthatis, in registry with one another. Thisbeing true, the eccentrically actuated ring 16 is revolved upon the outer periphery 18 of the eccentric portion 19 and the bellows plates 7 are moved in a fanlike motion towards and from the inner,

periphery of the outerrim 1. This movement of the bellows plates 7 forces the liquid out of the compression chambers B, successively, through the ports 29 and respecgular slot 44,- in hub 30 of outer port plate 23, will move said outer port plate, thus gradually closing the ports, as shown in Fig. 2, and gradually trapping the liquid between the bellows plates 7 and the inner periphery of the outer rim 1, or, to be more exact, within the compression chambers 13. lVhen the port plate 23 is moved so that the ports 29 and 33 are fully closed orout of registry with one another the liquid is trapped between the bellows plates and the inner periphery of the outer rim or within the chambers B, thus stopping the movement of said plates which, in turn, (through the eccentrically actuated ring 16 and eccentric portion 19) causes the shaft 42 to be rotated at a speed equai to that of said outer rim 1 as the latter is splined to the hollow shaft 20 said shaft, in turn, being an integral part of the eccentric portion 19. With this arrangement the speed of the shaft 42 is variable from nothing up to the speed of the outer rim 1 by gradually trapping the liquid within the chambers B which is accomplished by the closing and opening of the ports in said plates 22 and 23. In the event the unit shown in Fig. 4 is used for purposes of operating the spindle of a drilling machine, the outer periphery of the rim 1 can be belt driven and the shaft 42 utilized as the spindle for the drill, it being practical to slide said spindle or shaft 42 endwise within the unit. A modification of this unit, however, is shown in Fig. 14 and assuming that shaft 56 is the driving shaft and shaft 57 the driven shaft any speed from zero up to the full speed of the driving shaft 56 may be imparted to the driven shaft 57 by the operation of the port plate 23, as previously described. The balls are placed between the outer port plate 23 and the front cover 26 to eliminate any friction and allow a smooth and easy movement of the port plate 23 by the actuating pin and the sliding collar 46.

fied. While I have shown and described one par- 7 ticular embodiment of my invention it is to be understood that certain changes and modifications can be made without departlng from the scope or spirit thereof as defined in the claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A combined hydraulic transmission and clutch comprising an outer rim, covers therefor, said Tim and covers constituting a cylindrical housing, a driven shaft passing through the 'mean rcenter of said housing, a hollow shaft; received over said driven shaft and fixed for rotation with the latter, an eccentric formed upon said hollow shaft,- an inner port plate held in fixed relation relative to said rim, an outer port plate located adjacent said inner port plate, a liquid chamber located between said outer port plate and one of said covers, ports in each of said plates, means for closing andiopening said ports, an eccentric ringmounted upon said eccentric, a plurality of bellows plates pivotally mounted in spaced apart relation adjacent the inner periphery of said rim and links pivotally connecting the bellows plates with said eccentric ring, respectively, whereby when said ports are fully opened said driven shaft is at rest when said housing is in motion and whereby when said ports'are fully closed said driven shaft is driven at the same speed as said housing, substantially as set forth and for the purposes specifie n 2. A combined hydraulic transmission and clutch comprising a cylindrical housing, a driven shaft slidably passing through said housing and means entirely enclosed within said housing for imparting variable speeds therefrom to said driven shaft comprising a hollow shaft rotatably mounted within said housing and "fixed for rotation with said .driven shaft, a port plate fixed for movement with said housing, (an eccentric fixed upon saidhollow shaft having a width exactly that of the distancebetween said fixed port plate and said housing, an eccentric ring mounted upon said eccentric, a-plurality of bellows plates pivotally mounted within said housing, means pivotally connecting said plates with said eccentric ring, a plurality of compression chambers, a movable port plate mounted adj a'centsaid fixed port plate, a liquid chamber locatedbetween said movable jport plate and said housing, a pluralityof .portsin said fixed portplate located adjacent the said compression chambers, respectively, a plurality of ports in said movable port plate, and means for moving said movable port plate so as to bring its ports into or out of registry withthe ports'in, thefixed port plate, and a 1' liquid contained within said housing and adapted to fillall'cavities therein, substan tially as set forth and for the purposes speci 3. In combination, a combined hydraulic I *shaft, a hollow shaft received over said driven shaft and fixed for rotation with the latter, means for rotatably supporting said hollow shaft within said housing, an eccentric portion formed integral with said hollow shaft, a port plate fixed for rotation with said housing, a movable port plate mounted adj acent said fixed port plate, an eccentric ring mounted upon said eccentric, a plurality of pivotally mounted bellows plates, a plurality of bearin s for said lates mounted in s aced apart relation and adjacent the inner periphery of said rim, a plurality of compression chambers formed between said bellows plates, bearings and housing, respectively, means connecting said bellows plates with said eccentric ring whereby they are moved in a fanlike motion towards and from the inner periphery of the'rim,a plurality of ports in said fixed port plate located in the vicinity of the compression chambers, respectively, a plurality of ports in said movable port plate, auxiliary openings in said port plates, means for moving said movable port plate so as to move its ports and auxiliary openings into and out of registry with the ports and auxiliary openings in the fixed port plate, respectively, and a liquid carried within said housing to fill all of the cavities contained therein.

4. A hydraulic transmission and clutch of the class described comprising a drum housing, a spindle shaft slidably passing therethrough and means entirely enclosed within said housing for imparting variable speeds from said housing to said spindle shaft comprising a hollow shaft splined to said spindle shaft, an eccentric portion formed integrally with said hollow shaft, an eccentrically actuated ring received over said eccentric, a'plurality of bellows plates, a plurality of bellows plate bearings, a plurality of links pivotally connecting said bellows plates with said eccentrically actuated ring, means on said ring adapted to have a rubbing action against a curved portion on each bellows plate, respectively, a fixed port plate, a movable port plate, a plurality of ports in each of said plates, the

posed between said covers, a plurality of bellows plates mounted for movement towards and from the inner periphery of said rim, a plurality of bellows plate bearings each having a curved surface disposed adjacent the free end-of the adjacent bellows plate,

ated ring received over said eccentric and having pivotal connection with the bellows plates, respectively, a port plate fixed relative to said housing, a plurality of ports in said plate located adjacent said compression chambers, a movable port plate mounted adjacent said fixed port plate and having a plurality of ports in said last-mentioned plate, a plurality of bearings mounted between said movable port plate and one of said circular covers, a liquid chamber between said last two mentioned members and means for moving said movable port plate relative to said fixed port plate so as to bring itsports into and out of registry with the ports in said fixed port plate whereby when all of the available space within said housing is filled with a liquid variable speeds can be imparted to the spindle shaft from said housing by gradually trapping or releasing said liquid within said compression chambers by the movement of said movable pOIt plate, substantially as set forth and for the purposes specified.

JESSE S. VENTWORTH.

ports in said fixed port plate being adjacent a plurality o compression chambers, respectively, a liquid chamber located between said movable port plate and said housing, means for moving said movable port plate to bring its ports into and out of registry with the ports in said fixed port plate and bearing means located betweensaid movable port plate and said housing, substantially as set forth and for the purposes specified.

5. A hydraulic transmission and clutch of tion of a spindle shaft, circular covers disposed upon said shaft, a circular rim dis- 

